READ ALSO: History of democracy in Nigeria from 1960. Federalism can encourage the passing of ridiculous laws. From the above explanation, one can rightly say that the constitution of Nigeria and United States of America are federal constitutions while the constitution of France and the Republic of Ireland are Unitary constitutions. 3. gives people easier access to political offices because they may begin seeking elected offices at the. But nigeria today became the proudable and bearable country, Proportional representation (PR) systems are argued to be the political system most advantageous to women's political representation. /Filter /DCTDecode The structure of this government can create inefficiencies in the system because the national government might not like the way the local officials choose to oversee their communities. Thus, the gap between rich and poor states widens. What is the advantage of federal state structure? You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. Matters, enumerated in the exclusive list are selected for the federal authority, while matters that fall within the concurrent list are selected for the federal government, and the regions. Thats not to say that all actions are a disadvantage. Bible Commentary Bible Verses Devotionals Faith Prayers Coloring Pages Pros and Cons, 9 Powerful Catholic Prayers Asking for Forgiveness, 50 Biblically Accurate Facts About Angels in the Bible, 50 Most Profitable Youth Group Fundraising Ideas for Your Church, 250 Ice Breaker Questions for Teen Youth Groups, 25 Important Examples of Pride in the Bible, Why Jesus Wept and 11 Lessons from His Tears, 25 Different Ways to Worship God and Praise the Lord. It is illegal in Arizona for a donkey to sleep in a bathtub. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. Advantages of Federalism Federalism promotes unity: the system provides a united national government deal in matters such as finance, defence, regulation of business and foreign affairs. When power is not centralized in a government, then there are fewer issues with individual corruption that can impact the entire nation. We are constantly told that federalism is a wasteful, costly system of government, which produces nothing more than duplication and buck-passing. Some of these powers include: power to declare war, coin money, raise navy and armies and govern the Indian tribes (Elazar, 138). What are the negative effects of federalism? It was believed that federal system of government would take care of the interest of the minority and human rights that had been the fear of the minority under colonial rule. In the eight federal countries that use a party list, women constitute 21.4 to 48.2% of the central parliament, while the global average is 24.5% (Foster, 2020). Need to regulate interstate commerce power. This is where the regional government steps in. The national government also possess concurrent powers which enable them to exercises along with the state government. Some choose to use a central system of government that regulates the entire country. Written constitution are mostly rigid, with cumbersome amendment procedure, which leads to the problem of how to easily amend it to make it suit changing needs and time. 150 Cute Korean girl names and their meanings you will love, 100+ romantic love messages for husband to make him feel loved, Elon Musk loses richest man title again as Bill Gates threatens Jeff Bezos, Dangote slides, ANA congratulates Tinubu, warns Obasanjo against undermining democracy, Know your State's returning officers for 2023 presidential election as INEC declares Tinubu president-elect, 2023 presidential election results: Full list of states Labour Party's Peter Obi won, Work with Soludo: Metchi tells Tony Nwoye, Macpee, Emeka Idu. Federalism can create uncertainty. IvyPanda. What are advantages and disadvantages of Constitution? Federalism is a system of government where there are a decentralization power and autonomy of governance to the regional or federated states that share sovereignty with the Federal Government. When a government is closer to its citizens, then it can provide a responsive solution when there are citizen needs, emergency situations, or changes that are necessary in the structure of laws. There are several pros and cons of federalism to consider when looking at it as a political system. This advantage is one of the reasons why aid for Puerto Rico during Hurricane Maria took longer to receive than states in the continental 48. fiscal federalism and Nigeria development indexes (measured in terms of per capita income, literacy rate and infant mortality rate). Unfortunately, since the formation of Nigeria and adoption of this system of governance in the country has not seen much effect of federalism. Instead of designing a government that should unite the different elements in Nigeria, the colonialists fully adopted federal stem of government in 1954 and created greater regional autonomy. Federalism System, Its Advantages and Disadvantages. These include: 1. Federalism provides a structure that diffuses governmental power. The desire to have authority to taxation and the general welfare of the citizens of America also made them increase national government powers. Here lies the overiding importance of the two dates 25th February 2023 and 11th march 2023. This structure makes it possible for any law to be challenged, and that can slow down the process of change over time. s" In 1939 sir Bernard Bourdillion made a serious constitutional proposal which concluded having regional councils with a central council in Lagos. A recent example in the United States of this advantage is the requirement to drug test working adults who receive welfare benefits. 1 What are the advantages of federalism in Nigeria? Federalism was the only solution to ensure peace and unity amongst the leaders and the citizens and that was why federalism was adopted into the Nigerian political system. Most of the democratic countries in the world today use this method of governing, including Australia, Canada, India, and the United States. So, our federalist form of government has several advantages, such as protecting us from tyranny, dispersing power, increasing citizen participation, and increasing effectiveness, and disadvantages, such as supposedly protecting slavery and segregation, increasing inequalities between states, states blocking national 3. Nigerian federalism can be traced back to 1914 when the Northern and Southern protectorates were amalgamated because, during this period, the powers of government were shared between the central government headed by the Governor-General and the governments of Southern protectorates and Northern protectorates. federalism. Elected officials are closer to what a citizen is than a state official under this structure, which means people can visit a local office to express their opinions without a fear of judgment. It allows for popular participation in politics at every level of government. \(\overset{\underset{\mathrm{def}}{}}{=} \). 1. Description. It means that the sovereign unit (Centre) and local units . The regional government had power over matters that are listed under the residual list. "Federalism System, Its Advantages and Disadvantages." The fear of ethnic groups overlapping regional boundaries and the loyalties of castes cutting of some extent across provincial political boundaries also encourage some groups to support wider federal unions. So, what are the reasons for the adoption of federalism in Nigeria? 5. Moreover, In Nigerian democracy, there is a federalist system of government. When a project is embarked on ownership and we-feeling will make it get full support and less antagonization. A federal system, in which units exist only for political or pacifist reasons, forebodes a great burden for fiscal federalism. This is why there is a clamoring for restructuring and true federalism in Nigeria. It . This is because most people after they have committed a crime in a particular state, they escape and move to other states. Thus, the failure of Nigerian federalism can be attributed to its' abundance and dependence on oil resources. In a federal system, power is divided between the national government and the regional governments, which means that each region has a degree of control over its own affairs. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. If you travel to almost any town, city, or village in the United States, then you will discover a different set of laws, rules, and regulations to follow. Local governments receive the right to begin solving some of their own problems. 6. Federalism brings about peaceful political association of multi-ethnic groups: Federalism produces a stronger and stable nation: Equitable development and growth of the nation. Here, the Attorney General of the Federation Instituted the case to test the true position so that the federal government would be guided on the varying issues of derivation formula. Federal systems emerge in two broad ways both of which have epochal . 1. Others do not. Nigeria is the most populous black country and this has earned us an alias, "giant of Africa". There are several pros and cons of federalism to consider when looking at it as a political system. The state government has the mandate of conducting elections, establishing local government and rectifying and amending constitution The national government in American Federalism has delegation powers which are always given to them by the constitution. There is no way to obtain runaway power in this structure unless voters approve of that process first. This is a lesson from the tutorial, Structure and Systems of Government and you are encouraged to log } !1AQa"q2#BR$3br Whatever the case may be, its success lies in the overall benefit and growth of the economy. . People feel close to their communities. So, our federalist form of government has several advantages, such as protecting us from tyranny, dispersing power, increasing citizen participation, and increasing effectiveness , and disadvantages , such as supposedly protecting slavery and segregation, increasing inequalities between states, states blocking national policies, and racing to the bottom in terms of how they treat their citizens. In Nigeria, it could be argued that our federal system of government is the creation of British colonialism. As of 2012, the population was about 166.2 million but this has increased to 200.96 million in 2019. Most are governed by a Congress or Parliament, a President or Prime Minister, and then some form of a judicial system. The history of Ijaw, Edo, Igala, Yoruba, Igbo, Nupe and Hausa Kingdoms are enriched with social-political relationships that existed before the emergence of the white man. Two local governments can have two different approaches to bring reforms in any area of public domain, be it taxation or education. The effectiveness of linking communications has been a vital factor in geographical unit. 5. Federalism in India. There are natural disasters, national welfare aid distributed to the states for authorization, public education resources, and many more benefits or circumstances where someone must navigate each level of government to find the results they want. 2 Which of the following could be considered of the advantages of federalism and decentralization? This was one of the major reasons for the creation of the newer and smaller states after the independence. Different states also have different laws making it hard to enforce law on visitors who had moved in the state. ensure the integrity of our platform while keeping your private information safe. There is no doubt that geographical factored are one of the influential reasons for federalism in Nigeria. 6. The federal system makes government more manageable. "Federalism System, Its Advantages and Disadvantages." What are strengths and weaknesses of federalism? The military were able to create more states because military decrees do not pass the same rigorous method bills pass in a democratic government. 2. Read Also:Importance of the Nigeria Foreign Policy. Nigeria are typically inclined to the derivation principle, which is the process of distributing centrally generated revenue to constituent units with regards to the contribution made by a group to the country's more 12substantial income. This form of government will also make it challenging for a single branch of government to obtain complete control over the structure. It creates checks and balances in a system that promote individual freedoms and self-governing at a higher level when compared to the other options which are possible. five reasons for the adoption of federalism in Nigeria explained. Federalism is a system of government in which power is divided between a central authority and regional authorities. States shall make agreement on how to deal with common problems that they face. What Countries Use Federalism? Federalism is very important in Nigeria because of the size of our population. Another cogent reason for federalism in Nigeria is the fear of marginalization. Fourthly, there shall be the existence of court to interpret the constitution as it applies to cases and conflicts among the tiers of government. Nigeria did not choose federal system of government because it is the best or most practiced system of government in the world. As at the time of independence, the population of Nigeria was estimated at 45.21 million. There must exist supremacy of the constitution, which implies that laws passed by the authority in the federal arrangement, if contrary to the constitution shall be declared to be ultra votes. The Nigerian Constitution supports decentralised electricity regulation. In light of this, a constitution is said to be federal when its operates two levels of government, that is the federal and state, and each of this level exercise its different powers without interference by the other level. The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". When we have a chance to embrace diversity as a culture, then it is an opportunity to draw upon each of our strengths to create something amazing. Cookies are small files that are stored on your browser. 3 Advantages Of Federalism In The Philippines. Your browser seems to have Javascript disabled. Different communities have unique requirements that they must meet to maximize their quality of life. Resource control: History of federal system of government in nigeria /Width 371 Another government might offer a significant tax break to a company that encourages them to place offices in one location and not another. Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. This structure made slavery and segregation a continuing issue in the United States until the 1960s. The fact that Nigeria is regarded as Africa's only "federal" state commands the interest not only of political scientists but also of policymakers and all those However, it is also fact that since independence Nigeria has promulgated several constitutions and that if Nigeria wanted an alternative system of government, she could have opted for it. What are the advantages of federalism in Nigeria? regions, states, provinces. Both scenarios pose a threat to the countries integrity. There are increased interstate conflicts due to federalism. The federal system disperses political power so that no single individual or group has excessive power. must. Few political scientists today see many advantages in federalism and decentralization. Federalism provides ways by which these . This type of government is also known as a "federation" or a "federal state" in common parlance (eg., United States of America). The full explanation of Nigeria's federalism. Hon. (1996): The Political Economy of Nigeria Federalism: In Foundation of Nigerian Federalism: 1960-1995 Eliagwu Isawa et . "Federalism System, Its Advantages and Disadvantages." Because there are multiple layers of government working cooperatively with one another in a federalist system, it can be challenging at times for specific communities to know where they can receive assistance. Federalism is a type of government in which the sovereign authority of political power is usually divided between two units. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Organizing and providing relevant educational content, resources and information for students. inconveniences of federalism and makes no mention of its great advantages. They believed that federalism was a means to an end and that end was an all-encompassing development sweeping through the length and breadth of the country. This means autonomous states or regions come together to form a larger [] +roiF9_? AK ku nh4P9\ }}31Ik "V mk@G~ . Even the masses in the rural areas of the country are allowed to participate in politics by electing their representatives into office. The federal government in America has special authority to control interstate businesses and trade with the foreign countries. Since gaining independence, the countries Nigeria looked up to using this system of government, and the zeal of the founding fathers to replicate such development at home, made them adopt federalism. The United States, Canada, India, France and Australia adopted federalism because of the desire for security by the various ethnic units. November 23, 2019. https://ivypanda.com/essays/federalism-2/. `` federalism system, Its advantages and Disadvantages. reasons advantages of federalism in nigeria forebodes a great burden for fiscal federalism will... Can be attributed to Its & # x27 ; s federalism the.... Of their own problems to taxation and the general welfare of the two dates 25th February 2023 and march. Burden for fiscal federalism adopted federalism because of the advantages of federalism in Nigeria '' in sir. Practiced system of government that regulates the entire nation nothing more than duplication and buck-passing states widens of Africa quot... 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